阿迪格语 (адыгэбзэ，adygebze，ad朂戁稀) ，又译阿第盖语，为俄罗斯阿迪格共和国的二种官方语言之一，另一种为俄语。阿迪格语使用在阿迪格共和国的不同部族之间如：阿柏瑞克(Abzekh)，阿达美(Adamey)，柏耶杜格(Bzhedugh)；哈土库阿(Hatukuay)，克米尔高(Kemirgoy)，马高希(Makhosh)；纳帖库阿(Natekuay)，夏普苏(Shapsigh)；扎聂(Zhane)，雅格利库阿(Yegerikuay)，而且每个部族也同时使用着自己的方言。阿迪格语的使用者称自己的语言为 Adygebze或者 Ad朂戁稀，在英语称之为Adygean，Adygeyan或者Adygei。它也归属于西北高加索语支系(Circassian language)。
基本介绍
- 中文名：阿迪格语
- 英语：Adygean
- 马高希：Makhosh
- 哈土库阿：Hatukuay
简介
目前在俄罗斯阿迪格共和国显然大约有125,000人使用阿迪格语，且几乎所有的人都是母语的使用者。全世界大约有300,000人使用阿迪格语。最大的阿迪格语使用社区是在土耳其，都是由"俄罗斯-高加索战争"(Russo-Caucasian war)后流散到此的侨居人口在使用着。
阿迪格语归类为西北高加索语分支(Northwest Caucasian languages)语族。卡巴尔达语是其近系语言，卡巴尔达语多少也被视为阿迪格语的一种方言，或者被包括在西北高加索语支系(Circassian language)里。尤比克语(Ubykh)、阿布哈兹语，及阿巴札语因此也同样的为阿迪格语近系语言。
十月革命之后阿迪格语完成语言标準化。自1938年以来阿迪格语使用西里尔字母。于此之前阿迪格语同时使用着阿拉伯语字母及拉丁字母。
阿迪格语字母1语音
阿迪格语展现出大量的子音：在不同阿迪格语方言之间的这些子音大约有50个到60个左右。阿迪格语的所有方言在"普通语音"(plain)及"唇化声门塞音"(labialized glottal stop)之间具有语音上的对比；也存有一种不寻常的细微语音对比，而且可能特别存在于阿迪格语的方言"阿布达扎克"(abdzakh)里。此种细微语音对比是一种三方面的对比，意即介于普通语音、唇化声门塞音、"齶化声门塞音"(palatalized glottal stop)之间的对比(纵然齶化声门塞音也同样的存在于豪萨语里)。阿迪格语在黑海地区的方言含有高度的不寻常的语音：存有一个双齿(Bidental consonant)]擦音[h崃，此双齿擦音可对应到其他阿迪格语方言里的清软齶擦音(voiceless velar fricative) [x]。
数词
| 数字 | 阿迪格语 |
|---|---|
0 | ноль |
1 | зы |
2 | тӀу |
3 | щы |
4 | плӀы |
5 | тфы |
6 | хы |
7 | блы |
8 | и |
9 | бгъу |
10 | пшӀы |
11 | пшӀыкӀузы |
12 | пшӀыкӀуту |
13 | пшӀыкӀущы |
14 | пшӀыкӀуплӀы |
15 | пшӀыкӀутфы |
16 | пшӀыкӀухы |
17 | пшӀыкӀублы |
18 | пшӀыкӀуи |
19 | пшӀыкӀубгъу |
20 | тӀокӀы |
21 | тӀокӀырэ зырэ |
22 | тӀокӀырэ тӀурэ |
23 | тӀокӀырэ щырэ |
24 | тӀокӀырэ плӀырэ |
25 | тӀокӀырэ тфырэ |
26 | тӀокӀырэ хырэ |
27 | тӀокӀырэ блырэ |
28 | тӀокӀырэ ирэ |
29 | тӀокӀырэ бгъурэ |
30 | щекӀы |
40 | тӀокӀитӀу |
50 | шъэныкъо |
60 | тӀокӀищ |
70 | тӀокӀищырэ пшӀырэ |
71 | тӀокӀищырэ пшӀыкӀузрэ |
72 | тӀокӀищырэ пшӀыкӀутӀурэ |
80 | тӀокӀиплӀ |
90 | тӀокӀиплӀырэ пшӀырэ |
100 | шъэ |
120 | шъэрэ тӀокӀырэ |
121 | шъэрэ тӀокӀырэ зырэ |
200 | шъитӀу |
201 | шъитӀурэ зырэ |
300 | шъищ |
400 | шъиплӀ |
500 | шъитф |
600 | шъих |
700 | шъибл |
800 | шъий |
900 | шъибгьу |
1,000 | мин |
2,000 | минитӀу |
3,000 | минищ |
1,000,000 | миллион |
2,000,000 | миллионитӀу |
1,000,000,000 | миллиард |
2,000,000,000 | миллиардитӀу |
3,000,000,000 | миллиардищ |
日常用语
| 英语 | 阿迪格语 |
|---|---|
Welcome | Къеблагъ (sg) Шъукъеблагъ(pl) |
Hello (General greeting) | Фэсапщы Сэлам (inf) |
Hello(on phone) | Алло |
How are you? | Сыдэу ущыта? (sg/frm) Сыдэу шъущыта? (pl/frm) Сыд уфэд? (inf) Тэу ущыт? (inf) |
Reply to 'How are you?' | Сыдэгъу, опсэу. О сыдэу ущыт? (frm) СышІу, опсэу. О тэу ущыт? (inf) |
Long time no see | |
What's your name? | Сыда о пцІэр? |
My name is ... | СицІэр ... |
Where are you from? | Тэдэ ущыща? (sg) Тэдэ шъущыща? (pl) |
I'm from ... | Сэ ... сыщыщ. (sg) Тэ ... тыщыщ. (pl) |
Pleased to meet you | Сигуапэ хъугъэ. |
Good morning (Morning greeting) | Уипчэдыжь шІу |
Good afternoon (Afternoon greeting) | Уимафэ шІу |
Good evening (Evening greeting) | Уипчыхьэ шІу |
Good night | Уичэщ шІу |
Goodbye (Parting phrases) | Гъогу маф! Тызэрэлъэгъун (see you) |
Good luck! | Гъогу маф |
Cheers! Good Health! (Toasts used when drinking) | |
Have a nice day | |
Bon appetit / Have a nice meal | Гухахъо ошх! |
Bon voyage / Have a good journey | |
I understand | КъызгурэІо. |
I don't understand | КъызгурыІорэп. |
Yes | Ары |
No | Хьау |
Maybe | |
I don't know | СшІэрэп |
Please speak more slowly | Моу, нахь жъажъэу къэгущыІэба. |
Please say that again | |
Please write it down | |
Do you speak English? | ИнгилызыбзэкІэ огущыІа? |
Do you speak Turkish? | ТыркубзэкІэ огущыІа? |
Do you speakAdyghe? | АдыгабзэкІэ огущыІа? |
Yes, a little (reply to 'Do you speak ...?') | Ары, тІэкІу сэгущыІэшъу. |
Speak to me inAdyghe | |
How do you say ... inAdyghe? | ...р адыгабзэкІэ таущтэу къаІора? |
Excuse me | Къысфэгъэгъу (sg) Къысфэжъугъэгъу (pl) |
What time is it? | Сыхьатыр тхьапша? |
How much is this? | Псыунэр тэщыІа? |
Sorry | |
Please | |
Thank you | Тхьауегъэпсэу (sg) Тхьашъуегъэпсэу (pl) Тхьаегъэпсэу (>m/f) Тхьаегъэпсэух (>pl) |
Reply to thank you | |
Where's the toilet? | Псыунэр тэщыІа? |
This gentleman will pay for everything | |
This lady will pay for everything | |
Would you like to dance with me? | |
I miss you | |
I love you | Сэ шІу усэлъэгъу |
Get well soon | ПсынкІэу ухъужьынэу сыпфэлъаІо! |
God bless you | БэгъашІэ охъу! |
Go away! | |
Leave me alone! | |
Help! | |
Fire! | |
Stop! | |
Call the police! | |
Christmas and New Year greetings | ЫлъэсыкІэр мафэ пфэхъу (sg) -Happy New Year ЫлъэсыкІэр мафэ шъуфэхъу (pl) -Happy New Year |
Easter greetings | |
Birthday greetings | Укъызыхъугъэ мафэмкІэ сыпфэгушІо! |
One language is never enough | Зы бзэр икъунэп. |
My hovercraft is full of eels Why this phrase? |